Phosphatidic acid (PA) is a critical phospholipid constituent in eukaryotic cell membranes,
which accounts for 1À4% of the total lipid. 1 This lipophilic glycerophospholipid has a …

Phospholipase D (PLD) hydrolyzes the phosphodiester bond of the glycerolipid
phosphatidylcholine, resulting in the production of phosphatidic acid and free choline …

Exosomes are secreted vesicles arising from the fusion of multivesicular bodies (MVBs) with
the plasma membrane. Despite their importance in various processes, the molecular …

Stimulation of Group I metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluR1 and mGluR5) leads to
activation of a wide variety of signalling pathways. mGluRs couple to Gαq/11 proteins …

Metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluRs) comprise a unique family of G protein-coupled
receptors (GPCR) that can be classified into 3 groups based on G protein coupling …

The plethora of functions of glutamate in the brain are mediated by the complementary
actions of ionotropic and metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluRs). The ionotropic …

Metabotropic glutamate (mGlu) receptors respond to glutamate, the major excitatory
neurotransmitter in the mammalian brain, mediating a modulatory role that is critical for …

Despite being discovered over 60 years ago, the precise role of phospholipase D (PLD) is
still being elucidated. PLD enzymes catalyze the hydrolysis of the phosphodiester bond of …

Functional characterization of chemosensory receptors is usually achieved by heterologous
expression in mammalian cell lines. However, many chemoreceptor genes, including bitter …

Huntington disease is caused by a polyglutamine expansion in the huntingtin protein (Htt)
and is associated with excitotoxic death of striatal neurons. Group I metabotropic glutamate …