Passive investors—ETFs and index funds—are the most important development in modern-
day capital markets, dictating trillions of dollars in capital flows and increasingly owning …

The GameStop trading frenzy in January 2021 was perhaps the highest profile example of
the reemergence of capital market participation by retail investorsa marked shift from the …

Retirement investing in the United States has changed dramatically. The classic pension
plan, also known as a defined benefit plan, in which an employer paid a retired employee a …

Building an indicator which measures countries' financial knowledge allowing comparisons
between them and throughout time is the objective of this paper. Currently, this is a lack in …

Willingness to participate in financial markets is important for financial well-being, including
the accumulation of retirement savings through self-directed pension programs. We consider …

Our objective is to analyze whether financial knowledge influences income inequality. For
this purpose, we resort to a new index of financial knowledge that differs from the existing …

Investment fiduciaries-like trustees, investment advisers, brokers, and 401 (k) plan
managers-help direct trillions of dollars of savings, including most of the nonhousing wealth …

Disclosure could be aptly described as a regulatory darling and is often relied upon to
regulate the financial services industry. Though arising in different regulatory frameworks …

Purpose Despite the inclusion of financial literacy in retirement studies, there are limited
studies that look into retirement concerns and how financial literacy plays a role in managing …

Regulators go to considerable lengths to shape specific product choicesthe homes we buy,
which college we attend, how we save for retirement. Yet the primary governmental …