The gut and lungs are anatomically distinct, but potential anatomic communications and
complex pathways involving their respective microbiota have reinforced the existence of a …

Candida albicans is a major fungal pathogen of humans. It exists as a commensal in the oral
cavity, gut or genital tract of most individuals, constrained by the local microbiota, epithelial …

Oral candidiasis, commonly referred to as “thrush,” is an opportunistic fungal infection that
commonly affects the oral mucosa. The main causative agent, Candida albicans, is a highly …

The respiratory tract is a complex organ system that is responsible for the exchange of
oxygen and carbon dioxide. The human respiratory tract spans from the nostrils to the lung …

Candida albicans is among the most prevalent fungal species of the human microbiota and
asymptomatically colonizes healthy individuals. However, it is also an opportunistic …

Background The oral microbiome is diverse and exists as multispecies microbial
communities on oral surfaces in structurally and functionally organized biofilms. Aim To …

Although great strides have been made in understanding the complex bacterial community
inhabiting the human oral cavity, for a variety of (mainly technical) reasons the ecological …

Streptococcus mutans is often cited as the main bacterial pathogen in dental caries,
particularly in early-childhood caries (ECC). S. mutans may not act alone; Candida albicans …

Oral commensal streptococci are primary colonizers of the oral cavity. These streptococci
produce many adhesins, metabolites, and antimicrobials that modulate microbial succession …

Early childhood caries (ECC) is one of the most prevalent infectious diseases affecting
children worldwide. ECC is an aggressive form of dental caries, which, left untreated, can …