The monolayer of endothelial cells lining the vessel wall forms a semipermeable barrier (in
all tissue except the relatively impermeable blood–brain and inner retinal barriers) that …

A central function of the vascular endothelium is to serve as a barrier between the blood and
the surrounding tissue of the body. At the same time, solutes and cells have to pass the …

The disruption of blood–brain barrier (BBB) for multiple sclerosis (MS) pathogenesis has a
double effect: early on during the onset of the immune attack and later for the CNS self …

Covering: 2008–2013. Previous review: 2008, 25, 475 There are a significant number of
natural product (NP) drugs in development. We review the 100 NP and NP-derived …

Abstract AbstractSphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P), a sphingolipid mediator, regulates various
cellular functions via high-affinity G protein-coupled receptors, S1P1-5. The S1P-S1P …

The discovery of fingolimod (FTY720/Gilenya; Novartis), an orally active immunomodulatory
drug, has opened up new approaches to the treatment of multiple sclerosis, the most …

There is substantial evidence that sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) is involved in cancer.
S1P regulates processes such as inflammation, which can drive tumorigenesis; …

The microvascular endothelial cell monolayer localized at the critical interface between the
blood and vessel wall has the vital functions of regulating tissue fluid balance and supplying …

Cytokine storm during viral infection is a prospective predictor of morbidity and mortality, yet
the cellular sources remain undefined. Here, using genetic and chemical tools to probe …

Background—Inflammatory and immune responses triggered by brain ischemia worsen
clinical outcomes of stroke and contribute to hemorrhagic transformation, massive edema …