Considerable research has established an association between human leukocyte antigen
antibodies and chronic rejection. Two new major developments now provide evidence that …

Over the past 10 years, thanks to the development of sensitive methods of antibody
detection and markers of antibody injury such as C4d staining, the role of anti-human …

Background The introduction of solid-phase immunoassay (SPI) technology for the detection
and characterization of human leukocyte antigen (HLA) antibodies in transplantation while …

Accurate diagnosis and grading of rejection and other pathological processes are of
paramount importance to guide therapeutic interventions in patients with pancreas allograft …

The first Banff proposal for the diagnosis of pancreas rejection (Am J Transplant 2008; 8:
237) dealt primarily with the diagnosis of acute T-cell-mediated rejection (ACMR), while only …

We report 1-year outcomes of a randomized study of Rituximab versus standard-of-care
immunosuppression (Thymoglobulin and/or pulse steroids) for treatment of biopsy …

The importance of antibody‐mediated rejection (AMR) in ABO‐compatible liver
transplantation is controversial. Here we report a prospective series of liver recipients with a …

Antibody-mediated rejection (AMR) after pancreas transplantation is a recently identified
entity. We describe the incidence of, risk factors for, and outcomes after AMR, and the …

Intravenous immunoglobulins (IVIg) were first introduced in the middle of the twentieth
century for the treatment of primary immunodeficiencies. In 1981, Paul Imbach noticed an …

Embryonic stem cells (ESCs) offer an attractive potential in cell replacement therapy and
regenerative medicine because of their inherent plasticity and ability to self-renew. However …