Since the 2009 CJEU decision in L'Oréal v. Bellure, the idea that a brand's image is the
property of the trade mark owner has become increasingly entrenched within European …

The functions theory seemed to herald the modernisation of European trade mark law
through the recognition and protection of trade mark functions other than source …

Under the harmonised European trade mark regime marks with a reputation enjoy
expanded protection. This article casts doubt on whether this 'reputational trigger'can be …

This book considers the effectiveness of well-known trade mark protection at an international
level. It particularly considers EU trade mark law from Japanese perspectives, and provides …

Peatlands are valuable but fragile ecosystems with diverse biogeochemical and
hydrological functions, so their characterization requires non-destructive investigation. We …

This article suggests that there are two contradictory approaches to promoting the public
interest embodied in the Trade Mark Directive. The 'external approach'assumes the Directive …

[ES] El trabajo se ha desarrollado a partir de una amplia investigación documental,
siguiendo los principios propios del método dogmático y analítico, por lo que el objeto de …

European trade mark norms found their way into the World Trade Organisation's agreement
on Trade Related aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (WTO TRIPs) and into the law of …

本文透過研究近年來歐洲法院針對著名商標之判決, 試圖釐清不同著名商標侵害態樣及法理基礎
, 並針對與一般商標減損侵害不同之[搭便車] 行為, 深入探討其適用範圍及限制 …

Today, a trade mark may signify not only the commercial origin or the quality features of the
products bearing it but also a brand image that consumers might wish to be associated with …