Diabetes mellitus is characterized by the failure of insulin-secreting pancreatic β-cells (or β-
cell death) due to either autoimmunity (type 1 diabetes mellitus) or failure to compensate for …

Despite advances in treatments like chemotherapy and radiotherapy, metastatic cancer
remains a leading cause of death for cancer patients. While many chemotherapeutic agents …

Plant-parasitic nematodes are costly burdens of crop production. Ubiquitous in nature,
phytoparasitic nematodes are associated with nearly every important agricultural crop and …

Somatic mutations in calreticulin (CALR) are present in approximately 40% of patients with
myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN), but the mechanism by which mutant CALR is …

Cell death resistance is a key feature of tumor cells. One of the main anticancer therapies is
increasing the susceptibility of cells to death. Cancer cells have developed a capability of …

The annual production of shrimp culture in mainland of China has been over one million
tons for several years. The major cultivated penaeidae species are Litopenaeus vannamei …

Calreticulin is an ER (endoplasmic reticulum) luminal Ca2+-buffering chaperone. The
protein is involved in regulation of intracellular Ca2+ homoeostasis and ER Ca2+ capacity …

Autophagy is a bulk degradation system conserved among most eukaryotes. Recently,
autophagy has been shown to mediate selective degradation of various targets such as …

Removal of apoptotic cells is essential for maintenance of tissue homeostasis,
organogenesis, remodeling, development, and maintenance of the immune system …

C1q is the first subcomponent of the C1 complex of the classical pathway of complement
activation. Several functions have been assigned to C1q. which include antibody-dependent …