To remain independent and healthy, an important factor to consider is the maintenance of
skeletal muscle mass. Inactivity leads to measurable changes in muscle and bone, reduces …

Abstract β2-Agonists are traditionally used for the treatment of bronchospasm associated
with asthma and the treatment of symptomatic patients with COPD. However, β2-agonists …

The hypothalamus uses hormones and the autonomic nervous system to balance energy
fluxes in the body. Here we show that the autonomic nervous system has a distinct …

Aim Symptoms of autonomic failure are frequently the presentation of advanced age and
neurodegenerative diseases that impair adaptation to common physiologic stressors. The …

Key points Muscle fibre cross sectional area is enhanced with massage in the form of cyclic
compressive loading during regrowth after atrophy. Massage enhances protein synthesis of …

Background: Recent advances have indicated a complex interplay between the autonomic
nervous system and the innate immune system. Targeting neural networks for the treatment …

Although it is well known that administration of the selective β2-adrenergic agonist
clenbuterol (CB) protects muscle following denervation (DEN), the underlying molecular …

Administration of β 2-agonists triggers skeletal muscle anabolism and hypertrophy. We
investigated the time course of the molecular events responsible for rat skeletal muscle …

In persons with a spinal cord injury (SCI), resistance training using neuromuscular electrical
stimulation (NMES‐RT) increases lean mass in the lower limbs. However, whether protein …

The molecular mechanisms underlying skeletal muscle mitochondrial adaptations induced
by aerobic exercise (AE) are not fully understood. We have previously shown that AE …