The neurotransmitter dopamine is a key factor in central nervous system (CNS) function,
regulating many processes including reward, movement, and cognition. Dopamine also …

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder that primarily affects
elderly people and constitutes a major source of disability worldwide. Notably, the …

Dopamine receptors are abundant along the central nigrostriatal tract and are expressed as
5 subtypes in two receptor families. In PD, compensatory changes in dopamine receptors …

Several neurodegenerative diseases involve loss of catecholamine neurons—Parkinson
disease is a prototypical example. Catecholamine neurons are rare in the nervous system …

Objectives: The differential diagnosis between typical idiopathic Parkinson's disease (PD)
and the striatonigral variant of multiple system atrophy (MSA-P) is often difficult because of …

The striatum receives prominent dopaminergic innervation that is integral to appetitive
learning, performance, and motivation. Signaling through the dopamine D2 receptor is …

Since the description of some peculiar symptoms by James Parkinson in 1817, attempts
have been made to define its cause or at least to enlighten the pathology of “Parkinson's …

Objective: Compensatory reorganization of the nigrostriatal system is thought to delay the
onset of symptoms in early Parkinson disease (PD). Here we sought evidence that …

OBJECTIVE: Parkinson's disease (PD) is associated with well-documented morphological
changes in substantia nigra and basal ganglia nuclei. This study evaluates the ability of …

Models of natural action selection implicate fronto-striatal circuits in both motor and cognitive
'actions'. Dysfunction of these circuits leads to decision-making deficits in various …