Tryptophan is an indispensable amino acid that should to be supplied by dietary protein.
Apart from its incorporation into body proteins, tryptophan is the precursor for serotonin, an …

An essential component of the human diet, L-tryptophan is critical in a number of metabolic
functions and has been widely used in numerous research and clinical trials. This review …

Evidence from diverse literatures supports the viewpoint that two modes of self-regulation
exist, a lower-order system that responds quickly to associative cues of the moment and a …

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is one of the major neurodegenerative diseases that deteriorates
cognitive functions and primarily affects associated brain regions involved in learning and …

Males and females learn and remember differently at different times in their lives. These
differences occur in most species, from invertebrates to humans. We review here sex …

Modulating central serotonergic function by acute tryptophan depletion (ATD) has provided
the fundamental insights into which cognitive functions are influenced by serotonin. It may …

The ascending serotonin (5-HT) neurons innervate the cerebral cortex, hippocampus,
septum and amygdala, all representing brain regions associated with various domains of …

The inverse relation between serotonin and human aggression is often portrayed as
“reliable,”“strong,” and “well established” despite decades of conflicting reports and widely …

Methylphenidate (MPH), a stimulant drug with dopamine and noradrenaline reuptake
inhibition properties, is mainly prescribed in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, is …

Tryptophan (Tryp) is an essential amino acid and the precursor of several neuroactive
compounds within the central nervous system (CNS). Tryp metabolism, the common …