The biofilm matrix can be considered to be a shared space for the encased microbial cells,
comprising a wide variety of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS), such as …

There have been numerous studies that have identified the presence of low-density
microplastics (MPs) in the water column and sediments. The focus of current MPs research …

Heavy metal pollution caused due to the industrialization has been considered as a
significant public health hazard, and these heavy metals exhibit various types of …

Biofilm-mediated bioremediation is an attractive approach for the elimination of
environmental pollutants, because of its wide adaptability, biomass, and excellent capacity …

Biofilms are a form of collective life with emergent properties that confer many advantages
on their inhabitants, and they represent a much higher level of organization than single cells …

Microbial-induced calcium carbonate precipitation (MICP) is a technique that uses the
metabolic action of microorganisms to produce CO 3 2− which combines with free Ca 2+ to …

Millions of tons of riverine plastic waste enter the ocean via estuaries annually. The plastics
accumulate, fragment, mix and interact with organisms in these dynamic systems, but such …

The presence of nano and microplastics in water has increasingly become a major
environmental challenge. A key challenge in their detection resides in the relatively …

Marine dissolved organic matter (DOM) contains more carbon than the combined stocks of
Earth's biota. Organisms in the ocean continuously release a myriad of molecules that …

The negative consequences of biofilms are widely reported. A defining feature of biofilms is
the extracellular matrix, a complex mixture of biomacromolecules, termed EPS, which …