Through its action on macrophages, bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or endotoxin can
trigger responses that are protective or injurious to the host. This review examines the effects …

Macrophage activation by Gram‐negative lipopolysaccharide (LPS) has been extensively
studied in an attempt to define the mechanisms that underlie innate immunity against …

The life-threatening complications of sepsis in humans are elicited by infection with Gram-
negative as well as Gram-positive bacteria. Recently, lipopolysaccharide (LPS), a major …

CD14 is a 55-kD protein found as a glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchored protein on
the surface of monocytes, macrophages, and polymorphonuclear leukocytes, and as a …

Mounting scientific evidence over decades has established that atherosclerosis is a chronic
inflammatory disorder. Among the potentially critical sources of vascular inflammation during …

Atherosclerosis is increasingly recognized as a chronic inflammatory disease. Although a
variety of inflammatory markers (ie, C-reactive protein) have been associated with …

Periodontal disease is the major cause of adult tooth loss and is commonly characterized by
a chronic inflammation caused by infection of oral bacteria. Porphyromonas gingivalis (P …

Membrane CD14 is involved in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced monocyte activation; it
binds LPS, and antibodies against CD14 block the effects of low-dose LPS. It is unknown …

The soluble glycoprotein sCD14 binds lipopolysaccharide, a complex that activates
endothelial cells and that may be crucial in gram-negative sepsis, Therefore, serum sCD14 …

When bacteria invade host tissues, they immediately trigger sensitive innate immune
mechanisms that play important roles in both first lines of defense and adaptive immune …