The COVID-19 pandemic, caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2
(SARS-CoV-2), is an unprecedented global health crisis. However, therapeutic options for …

Neutralizing antibodies are known to have a crucial role in protecting against SARS-CoV-2
infection and have been suggested to be a useful correlate of protection for vaccine clinical …

Abstract Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the causative
agent of the pandemic disease COVID-19, which is so far without efficacious treatment. The …

Two and a half years into the COVID-19 pandemic, we have gained many insights into the
human antibody response to the causative SARS-CoV-2 virus. In this Review, we …

Pre-existing cross-reactive immune responses to severe acute respiratory syndrome
coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) proteins in infection-naive subjects have been described by …

The spillovers of betacoronaviruses in humans and the emergence of severe acute
respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) variants highlight the need for broad …

A novel variant of concern (VOC) named CAL. 20C (B. 1.427/B. 1.429), which was originally
detected in California, carries spike glycoprotein mutations S13I in the signal peptide …

The adaptive immune system is important for control of most viral infections. The three
fundamental components of the adaptive immune system are B cells (the source of …

Emerging severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) variants have
raised concerns about resistance to neutralizing antibodies elicited by previous infection or …

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) transmission leads to the
emergence of variants, including the B. 1.617. 2 (Delta) variant of concern that is causing a …