Copper is an essential nutrient whose redox properties make it both beneficial and toxic to
the cell. Recent progress in studying transition metal signalling has forged new links …

Copper is an essential micronutrient that serves as a cofactor for enzymes involved in
diverse physiological processes, including mitochondrial energy generation. Copper enters …

Metal efflux pumps maintain ion homeostasis in the cell. The functions of the transporters are
often supported by chaperone proteins, which scavenge the metal ions from the cytoplasm …

The homologous P-type copper-ATPases (Cu-ATPases) ATP7A and ATP7B are the key
regulators of copper homeostasis in mammalian cells. In polarized epithelia, upon copper …

A general principle in all cells in the body is that an essential metal–here copper–is taken up
at the plasma membrane, directed through cellular compartments for use in specific …

Copper is crucial for carrying out normal physiological functions in all higher life forms.
Copper Transporter 1 (CTR1) is the high-affinity copper importer found in all eukaryotic …

Human copper transporters ATP7B and ATP7A deliver copper to biosynthetic pathways and
maintain copper homeostasis in the cell. These enzymes combine several challenges for …

Copper is an essential element for proper organismal development and is involved in a
range of processes, including oxidative phosphorylation, neuropeptide biogenesis, and …

Wilson disease (WD), a copper metabolism disorder caused by mutations in ATP7B,
manifests heterogeneous clinical features. Interestingly, in a fraction of clinically diagnosed …

Copper-transporting ATPases are a group of heavy metal-transporting proteins and which
can be found in all living organisms. In animals, they are generally referred to as ATP7 …