Additive manufacturing (AM) has gained significant attention due to its ability to drive
technological development as a sustainable, flexible, and customizable manufacturing …

Liquid crystalline elastomers (LCEs) are crosslinked polymer networks that combine the
elastic properties of rubber with the anisotropic properties of liquid crystals. Multifunctionality …

Mechanical metamaterials are a class of functional materials with designability and
extraordinary mechanical properties. Due to the manufacturing limitation of traditional …

Liquid crystal elastomers (LCEs) are renowned for their large, reversible, and anisotropic
shape change in response to various external stimuli due to their lightly cross‐linked …

Liquid crystal elastomers (LCE) are appealing candidates among active materials for 4D
printing, due to their reversible, programmable and rapid actuation capabilities. Recent …

Artificial muscles based on stimuli-responsive polymers usually exhibit mechanical
compliance, versatility, and high power-to-weight ratio, showing great promise to potentially …

In recent decades, origami has been explored to aid in the design of engineering structures.
These structures span multiple scales and have been demonstrated to be used toward …

Abstract 4D printing has attracted tremendous interest since its first conceptualization in
2013. 4D printing derived from the fast growth and interdisciplinary research of smart …

Liquid crystalline elastomers (LCEs) are polymer networks exhibiting anisotropic liquid
crystallinity while maintaining elastomeric properties. Owing to diverse polymeric forms and …

The programmable assembly of innervated LCE actuators (iLCEs) with prescribed
contractile actuation, self‐sensing, and closed loop control via core–shell 3D printing is …