Endosomes, lysosomes and lysosome-related organelles are emerging as important Ca2+
storage cellular compartments with a central role in intracellular Ca2+ signalling …

Endogenous cardiotonic steroids (CTS), also called digitalis-like factors, have been
postulated to play important roles in health and disease for nearly half a century. Recent …

The K+ and Na+ concentrations in living cells are strictly regulated at almost constant
concentrations, high for K+ and low for Na+. Because these concentrations correspond to …

The sodium pump is a ubiquitous cell surface enzyme, a Na, K ATPase, which maintains ion
gradients between cells and the extracellular fluid (ECF). The extracellular domain of this …

Key points 'Classic'cardiotonic steroids (CTSs) all inhibit Na+, K+‐ATPase (Na+ pumps) and
exert cardiotonic and vasotonic effects. Nevertheless, prolonged ouabain, but not digoxin …

Thanks to the homeostasis of the internal milieu, metazoan cells can enormously simplify
their housekeeping efforts and engage instead in differentiation and multiple forms of …

Cardiotonic steroids (CS) such as ouabain, digoxin and bufalin, are steroidal drugs
prepared from the seeds and dried leaves of the genus Digitalis, and the skin and parotid …

Na+, K+-ATPase is the only known receptor of cardiotonic steroids (CTS) whose interaction
with catalytic α-subunits leads to inhibition of this enzyme. As predicted, CTS affect …

Megalencephalic leucoencephalopathy with subcortical cysts (MLC) is a rare congenital
leucodystrophy caused by mutations in MLC1, a membrane protein of unknown function …

Cardiotonic steroids (CTS), used by certain insects, toads, and rats for protection from
predators, became, thanks to Withering's trailblazing 1785 monograph, the mainstay of heart …