The world in color presents a dazzling dimension of phenotypic variation. Biological interest
in this variation has burgeoned, due to both increased means for quantifying spectral …

For sexual selection to act on a given sex, there must exist variation in the reproductive
success of that sex as a result of differential access to mates or fertilisations. The …

Literature Cited to accompany Animal Communication, 2e Page 1 Principles of Animal
Communication, Second Edition Jack W. Bradbury and Sandra L. Vehrencamp Chapter 14 …

Throughout their lives animals must complete many tasks, including finding food, avoiding
predators, attracting mates, and navigating through a complex and dynamic environment …

Poison frogs in the anuran family Dendrobatidae use bright colors on their bodies to
advertise toxicity. The species Dendrobates pumilio Schmidt 1858, the strawberry poison …

Many conspicuous ornamental traits in animals are expressed in both males and females.
Despite this, most research has focused on sexually dimorphic ornamentation. Mutual …

All melanin-colored ornaments contain a mixture of the two types of melanin, eumelanin and
pheomelanin. The reflectance spectrum of the ornament is, in part, a function of the ratio of …

The discovery of fluorescent proteins has revolutionized experimental biology. Whereas the
majority of fluorescent proteins have been identified from cnidarians, recently several …

Parrot feathers contain red, orange, and yellow polyene pigments called psittacofulvins.
Budgerigars are parrots that have been extensively bred for plumage traits during the last …

Chlorophylls are the most remarkable examples of fluorophores, and their fluorescence has
been intensively studied as a non-invasive tool for assessment of photosynthesis. Many …