Abstract Dihydrogen (H 2), commonly named 'hydrogen', is increasingly recognised as a
clean and reliable energy vector for decarbonisation and defossilisation by various sectors …

Increasing environmental concerns are driving the shipping industry to take strict measures
to deal with greenhouse gas emissions. International Maritime Organization drives the …

Due to the growing concerns of emissions from the shipping industry, the International
Maritime Organization (IMO) has set strategies to reduce the CO 2 intensity by 40% in 2030 …

The high environmental impacts of transport mean that there is an increasing interest in
utilising low-carbon alternative energy carriers and powertrains within the sector. While …

Despite the growing sales of electric vehicles and electrification as a means to alleviate the
growing problem of climate change, it is largely overlooked that internal combustion engine …

Within the context of achieving low carbon shipping by 2050, high hopes are placed on
alternative marine fuels in addition to a large number of technological and operational …

The increasing world population, as well as demands for energy and industrial commodities,
have led to an overall rise in anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions. Moreover, demands …

The rising share of renewable energy sources (RES) in the energy mix and the desire to
reduce the emission of greenhouse gases and harmful substances have driven broad …

Environmental regulations have always been an essential component in the natural gas
supply chain, with recent and greater emphasis on shipping operations. Recently more …

To improve energy efficiency of ships, initiatives have been taken by the international and
regional regulatory bodies, ship owners, shipping lines, and other involved stakeholders …