Manipulation and navigation of micro and nanoswimmers in different fluid environments can
be achieved by chemicals, external fields, or even motile cells. Many researchers have …

Abstract Micro‐/nanorobots (m‐bots) have attracted significant interest due to their suitability
for applications in biomedical engineering and environmental remediation. Particularly, their …

With the rapid development of micro/nanomanufacturing technology, a variety of
multifunctional micro/nanorobots have emerged. In particular, magnetic actuation‐based …

Microactuators, which can transform external stimuli into mechanical motion at microscale,
have attracted extensive attention because they can be used to construct …

Magnetically actuated micro/nanorobots are typical micro-and nanoscale artificial devices
with favorable attributes of quick response, remote and contactless control, harmless human …

Magnetic helical microrobots driven by low-strength rotating magnetic fields have found
wide applications, particularly in biomedical research. The motion dynamics of magnetic …

Magnetically driven swimming microrobot is a typical one in the family of microrobots and
they can achieve navigation and manipulation in low Reynolds number biomedical …

Cable-less micro-robots have exhibited promising potential for conducting tasks in small and
constrained environments through remote controlling approaches. Soft robots formed by …

Untethered microrobots provide the prospect for performing minimally invasive surgery and
targeted delivery of drugs in hard-to-reach areas of the human body. Recently, inspired by …

State-of-the-art biomedical applications such as targeted drug delivery and laparoscopic
surgery are extremely challenging because of the small length scales, the requirements of …