Astrocytes are neural cells of ectodermal, neuroepithelial origin that provide for homeostasis
and defense of the central nervous system (CNS). Astrocytes are highly heterogeneous in …

Convincing evidence has repeatedly shown that new neurons are produced in the
mammalian brain into adulthood. Adult neurogenesis has been best described in the …

Monocarboxylate transporters (MCTs) constitute a family of 14 members among which
MCT1–4 facilitate the passive transport of monocarboxylates such as lactate, pyruvate and …

The fertility and survival of an individual rely on the ability of the periphery to promptly,
effectively, and reproducibly communicate with brain neural networks that control …

The brain is, by weight, only 2% the volume of the body and yet it consumes about 20% of
the total glucose, suggesting that the energy requirements of the brain are high and that …

Glucocorticoids released from the adrenal gland in response to stress-induced activation of
the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis induce activity in the cellular reduction …

Communication between the periphery and the brain is key for maintaining energy
homeostasis. To do so, peripheral signals from the circulation reach the brain via the …

The metabolic and energy state of the organism depends largely on the availability of
substrates, such as glucose for ATP production, necessary for maintaining physiological …

The brain, particularly the ventromedial hypothalamic nucleus (VMH), has been long known
for its involvement in glucose sensing and whole-body glucose homeostasis. However, it is …

Research over the last couple of decades has provided novel insights into lactate
neurobiology and the implications of lactate transport-driven neuroenergetics in health and …