The review provides a comprehensive update (previous report: Chen R, Cros D, Curra A, Di
Lazzaro V, Lefaucheur JP, Magistris MR, et al. The clinical diagnostic utility of transcranial …

Bradykinesia is one of the cardinal motor symptoms of Parkinson's disease and other
parkinsonisms. The various clinical aspects related to bradykinesia and the …

Parkinson disease (PD) is characterized by heterogeneous motor and non-motor symptoms,
resulting from neurodegeneration involving various parts of the central nervous system …

The cerebellum is critical for both motor and cognitive control. Dysfunction of the cerebellum
is a component of multiple neurological disorders. In recent years, interventions have been …

The field of neurostimulation of the cerebellum either with transcranial magnetic stimulation
(TMS; single pulse or repetitive (rTMS)) or transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS; …

This review is part of the series on the clinical neurophysiology of movement disorders. It
focuses on Parkinson's disease and parkinsonism. The topics covered include the …

The goal of this review is to show how transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) techniques
can make a contribution to the study of brain networks. Brain networks are fundamental in …

Cerebellar ataxias represent a heterogeneous group of disabling disorders characterized by
motor and cognitive disturbances, for which no effective treatment is currently available. In …

Repeated sessions of cerebellar anodal transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) have
been suggested to modulate cerebellar-motor cortex (M1) connectivity and decrease ataxia …

Transcranial magnetic and electric stimulation of the brain are novel and highly promising
techniques currently employed in both research and clinical practice. Improving or …