The cancer-immunity cycle provides a framework to understand the series of events that
generate anti-cancer immune responses. It emphasizes the iterative nature of the response …

Summary LAG-3, TIM-3, and TIGIT comprise the next generation of immune checkpoint
receptors being harnessed in the clinic. Although initially studied for their roles in restraining …

Antibodies targeting the immune checkpoint molecules PD-1, PD-L1 and CTLA-4,
administered alone or in combination with chemotherapy, are the standard of care in most …

Dendritic cells (DCs) are antigen presenting cells that link innate and adaptive immunity.
DCs have been historically considered as the most effective and potent cell population to …

Mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (MSCs) are used in many studies due to their therapeutic
potential, including their differentiative ability and immunomodulatory properties. These cells …

Background Lymphocyte-activation gene 3 (LAG3) is a recently discovered immune
checkpoint molecule that has been linked to immunosuppression and the advancement of …

The programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) signaling pathway, a key player in immune checkpoint
regulation, has become a focal point in cancer immunotherapy. In the context of cancer …

Lymphocyte activation gene 3 protein (LAG3) is an immune checkpoint receptor that is
highly upregulated on exhausted T cells in the tumor microenvironment. LAG3 transmits …

Abstract Lymphocyte activation gene 3 (LAG3) is an inhibitory receptor that plays a critical
role in controlling T cell tolerance and autoimmunity and is a major immunotherapeutic …

Microglia are resident innate immune cells in the central nervous system (CNS) and play
important roles in the development of CNS homeostasis. Excessive activation and …