Orexins (also known as hypocretins) are neuropeptides located exclusively in hypothalamic
neurons that have extensive projections throughout the central nervous system and bind two …

Microglia are the first line of defense at the level of the central nervous system (CNS).
Phenotypic change in microglia can be regulated by various factors, including the orexin …

Despite clinical data stretching over millennia, the neurobiological basis of the effectiveness
of acupuncture in treating diseases of the central nervous system has remained elusive …

Orexin-A and orexin-B, neuropeptides produced exclusively in the lateral hypothalamus,
have been implicated in various functions, including memory. Their levels are elevated in …

Ethnopharmacology relevance Ayahuasca is a beverage obtained from the decoctions of
Banisteriopsis caapi (Spruce ex Griseb.) Morton and Psychotria viridis Ruiz & Pav., used …

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disease affecting about 2% of the
population. A neuropeptide, orexin, is linked with sleep abnormalities in the parkinsonian …

Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disease caused
by the progressive loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta. PD …

Introduction Parkinson's disease is considered one of the most important neurodegenerative
diseases after Alzheimer's and is characterized by a complex pathological nature. Obesity is …

Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disease.
Cognitive impairment is one of the key non-motor symptoms of PD, affecting both mortality …

Emerging evidence has implicated the orexin system in non‐motor pathogenesis of
Parkinson's disease. It has also been suggested the orexin system is involved in the …