This article presents an extensive review of the status of the search of the dark matter. The
first eight sections are devoted to topics in dark matter and its experimental searches, and …

Alterations in the levels of numerous second messengers are ubiquitous responses to all
stresses that lead to apoptotic or hormetic responses. The sheer number and vast diversity …

The rapid development of parallel computing systems made it possible to recreate and
predict physical processes on computers. Nowadays, computer simulations complement …

After a survey of the present state of cosmological theory and observations, this article
discusses a series of major themes underlying the relation of philosophy to cosmology …

We analyze the effect that peculiar velocities have on the cosmological inferences we make
using luminosity distance indicators, such as Type Ia supernovae. In particular we study the …

The ability to map the cosmological expansion has developed enormously, spurred by the
turning point one decade ago of the discovery of cosmic acceleration. The standard model of …

We review the current standard model for the evolution of the Universe from an early
inflationary epoch to the complex hierarchy of structure seen today. We summarize and …

Estimates of galaxy distances based on indicators that are independent of cosmological
redshift are fundamental to astrophysics. Researchers use them to establish the …

The interpretation of the expanding universe as an expansion of space has recently been
challenged. From the geodesic equation in Friedmann universe models and the empty Milne …

This paper reports on a study of a particular cultural problem in contemporary English-Arabic
translation, namely pedagogical metaphors in popular science writing. Pedagogical …