Noble gases within the crust originate from three main sources: the atmosphere, introduced
into the crust dissolved in groundwater; the mantle, in regions of magmatic activity; and …

A new way of thinking about groundwater age is changing the field of groundwater age
dating. Following a rigorous definition of age, a groundwater sample is seen not as water …

We detail here the general concepts behind using noble gases as a tracer of crustal fluid
processes and illustrate these concepts with examples applied to oil-gas-groundwater …

Heterogeneity can be dealt with by defining homogeneous equivalent properties, known as
averaging, or by trying to describe the spatial variability of the rock properties from geologic …

In contrast to most other fields of noble gas geochemistry that mostly regard atmospheric
noble gases as' contamination,'air-derived noble gases make up the far largest and hence …

Helium, nitrogen and hydrogen are continually generated within the deep continental
crust,,,,,,,–. Conceptual degassing models for quiescent continental crust are dominated by …

Geochemistry has contributed significantly to the understanding of ground-water systems
over the last 50 years. Historic advances include development of the hydrochemical facies …

The use of environmental tracers to characterise time scales when investigating
groundwater is a technology that has been in use for half a century. Its usefulness is beyond …

Traditionally, groundwater and surface water flow models have been calibrated against two
observation types: hydraulic heads and surface water discharge. It has repeatedly been …

Mathematical models of varying complexity have been developed since the 1960s to
interpret environmental tracer concentrations in groundwater flow systems. This review …