Synthetic molecular probes, chemosensors, and nanosensors used in combination with
innovative assay protocols hold great potential for the development of robust, low-cost, and …

Due to their good magnetic properties, excellent biocompatibility, and low price, magnetic
iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) are the most commonly used magnetic nanomaterials and …

Luminescent materials, also called phosphors, are defined as solids that can absorb and
convert certain types of energy into radiation of light.(1) Among all kinds of phosphors, rare …

Non-invasive precise thermometers working at the nanoscale with high spatial resolution,
where the conventional methods are ineffective, have emerged over the last couple of years …

Lanthanide-doped inorganic nanoparticles possess superior physicochemical features such
as long-lived luminescence, large antenna-generated Stokes or anti-Stokes shifts, narrow …

In the past decade, non-invasive and biocompatible mesoporous silica materials as efficient
drug delivery systems have attracted special attention. Great progress in structure control …

Recent advances in nanotechnology have given rise to a new class of fluorescent labels,
fluorescent metal nanoclusters, eg, Au and Ag. These nanoclusters are of significant interest …

Upconversion refers to non-linear optical processes that convert two or more low-energy
pump photons to a higher-energy output photon. After being recognized in the mid-1960s …

Lanthanide ions exhibit unique luminescent properties, including the ability to convert near
infrared long-wavelength excitation radiation into shorter visible wavelengths through a …

Nanoparticles (NPs) can potentially cause adverse effects on organ, tissue, cellular,
subcellular, and protein levels due to their unusual physicochemical properties (eg, small …