A prominent neurotransmitter (NT), dopamine (DA), is a chemical messenger that transmits
signals between one neuron to the next to pass on a signal to and from the central nervous …

The pathogenesis underlining many neurodegenerative diseases remains incompletely
understood. The lack of effective biomarkers and disease preventative medicine demands …

For many disease states, positive outcomes are directly linked to early diagnosis, where
therapeutic intervention would be most effective. Recently, trends in disease diagnosis have …

Neurotransmitters as electrochemical signaling molecules are essential for proper brain
function and their dysfunction is involved in several mental disorders. Therefore, the …

We report that a single hollow core photonic crystal fiber (HC-PCF) can be used for repetitive
characterization of multiple samples by Raman spectroscopy. This was achieved by …

Glutamate (GLU) and γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) are important amino acid
neurotransmitters that, respectively, mediate rapid excitatory and inhibitory …

The continuous increasing rate of patients suffering of Alzheimer's disease (AD) worldwide
requires the adoption of novel techniques for non-invasive early diagnosis and monitoring of …

Biosensors are transforming healthcare by delivering swift, precise, and economical
diagnostic solutions. These analytical instruments combine biological indicators with …

Neurotransmitter sensing in the brain is crucial for the understanding of neuro-degenerative
diseases. Most modern methods for the purpose rely on bulky instruments or are disruptive …

Biosensors are transforming healthcare by delivering swift, precise, and economical
diagnostic solutions. These analytical instruments combine biological indicators with …