Stem vascular cambium cells in forest trees produce wood for materials and energy. WOX4
affects the proliferation of such cells in Populus. Here we show that Ptr WOX4a is the most …

In recent years, the ecological and economic values of forest plants have been gradually
recognized worldwide. However, the growing global demand for new forest plant varieties …

Global climate change is leading to rapid and drastic shifts in environmental conditions,
posing threats to biodiversity and nearly all life forms worldwide. Forest trees serve as …

Fasciclin-like arabinogalactan proteins (FLAs) play an important role in plant development
and adaptation to the environment. However, the roles of FLAs in wood formation remain …

Key message Tree-ring shapes of the six studied coniferous species tend to be bilaterally
symmetrical, and the superellipse equation is sufficient to describe the tree-ring boundaries …

Plants have evolved photoreceptors to optimize their development during primary growth,
including germination, hypocotyl elongation, cotyledon opening, and root growth, allowing …

Angiosperm trees usually develop tension wood (TW) in response to gravitational
stimulation. TW comprises abundant gelatinous (G-) fibers with thick G-layers primarily …

Compression wood (CW) in gymnosperm brings great difficulties to wood industry using
wood as raw materials since CW presents special wood structure and have different …

Tension wood is a specialized xylem tissue associated with gravitropism in angiosperm
trees. However, few regulators of tension wood formation have been identified. The …

Primary and secondary growth of trees are needed for increments in plant height and stem
diameter, respectively, affecting the production of woody biomass for applications in timber …