Importance Atrial fibrillation (AF), the most common arrhythmia, increases the risk of stroke.
Objective To review the evidence on screening for AF in adults without prior stroke to inform …

Composite endpoints are commonly used as the primary measure of efficacy in heart failure
clinical trials to assess the overall treatment effect and to increase the efficiency of trials …

Background Varying definitions of procedural myocardial infarction (PMI) are in widespread
use. Objectives This study sought to determine the rates and clinical relevance of PMI using …

Background A large randomised treatment trial (SERVE-HF) showed that treatment of
central sleep apnoea with adaptive servoventilation in patients with heart failure and …

This paper provides practical guidance on the fundamentals of design for major randomized
controlled trials. Topics covered include the choice of patients, choice of treatment and …

Randomized clinical trials (RCT s) are among the most rigorous ways to determine the
causal relationship between an intervention and important clinical outcome. Their use in …

Background No randomized trial of intracranial aneurysm coiling has compared long-term
efficacy of polymer-modified coils to bare metal coils (BMCs). We report 5-year results …

Background The real impact of the degree of association (DoA) between endpoint
components of a composite endpoint (CE) on sample size requirement (SSR) has not been …

Days alive and out of hospital (DAOH) is a simple estimator based on the number of days
not in hospital within a defined period. In cases of mortality within the period, DAOH is …

Methods Data from prospective studies were used to develop (n= 1273) and validate (n=
544) a composite endpoint based on postoperative pancreatic fistula, post-pancreatectomy …