Enabling angiogenesis is critical for the success of tissue repair therapies and the fate of
tissue-engineered constructs. Although many biochemical signaling molecules have been …

Cardiac function is required for blood circulation and systemic oxygen delivery. However,
the heart has intrinsic oxygen demands that must be met to maintain effective contractility …

Tumor hypoxia and aerobic glycolysis are well-known resistance factors for anticancer
therapies. Here, we demonstrate that tumor-associated macrophages (TAM) enhance tumor …

The vascular network delivers oxygen (O2) and nutrients to all cells within the body. It is
therefore not surprising that O2 availability serves as a primary regulator of this complex …

The pyruvate kinase isoforms PKM1 and PKM2 are alternatively spliced products of the
PKM2 gene. PKM2, but not PKM1, alters glucose metabolism in cancer cells and contributes …

Stem-cell-mediated bone repair has been used in clinical trials for the regeneration of large
craniomaxillofacial defects, to slow the process of bone degeneration in patients with …

Hypoxia is a fundamental stimulus that impacts cells, tissues, organs, and physiological
systems. The discovery of hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) and subsequent identification of …

Metazoan organisms are dependent on a continuous supply of O2 for survival. Hypoxia-
inducible factor 1 (HIF-1) is a transcription factor that regulates oxygen homeostasis and …

O 2 is the ultimate electron acceptor for mitochondrial respiration, a process catalyzed by
cytochrome c oxidase (COX). In yeast, COX subunit composition is regulated by COX5a and …

Multipotent mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (MSC) have shown potential clinical utility.
However, previous assessments of MSC behavior in recipients have relied on visual …