Congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) is a group of autosomal recessive disorders affecting
cortisol biosynthesis. Reduced activity of an enzyme required for cortisol production leads to …

Abstract Treatment for congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) was introduced in the 1950s
following the discovery of the structure and function of adrenocortical hormones. Although …

Androgens are essential sex steroid hormones for both sexes. Testosterone (T) is the
predominant androgen in males, while in adult females, T concentrations are about 15-fold …

Androgens are an important and diverse group of steroid hormone molecular species. They
play varied functional roles, such as the control of metabolic energy fate and partition, the …

Multiple changes occur across various endocrine systems as an individual ages. The
understanding of the factors that cause age-related changes and how they should be …

Adrenarche is the maturational increase in adrenal androgen production that normally
begins in early childhood. It results from changes in the secretory response to …

Sex steroids are major promoters of the growth of breast and prostate cancers. This Review
by Poutanen et al. describes the development of treatments for these cancer types that act to …

Oxidative stress (OS) is a condition that occurs as a result of an imbalance between the
production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the body's ability to detoxify and neutralize …

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine disease regulated by metabolic
disorders, the effective intervention of which depends on diverse phenotypes (eg, insulin …

Congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) caused by 21‐hydroxylase deficiency accounts for
95% of all CAH cases and is one of the most common inborn metabolic conditions. The …