Airway invasion is common in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) and can cause serious
complications. However, a PD-related dysphagic pattern has not been clearly elucidated. In …

The impaired swallow timing subsequent to dysphagia or aging can potentially endanger
swallowing safety and efficiency. Preliminary evidence has suggested that transcutaneous …

This paper aims to investigate the impact of conventional rehabilitation training and
neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) on the recovery of motor abilities in patients …

Objectives Transcutaneous stimulation above and below the hyoid is used to assist patients
with swallowing disorders (dysphagia) but has shown different effects. Previously, infrahyoid …

Background Laryngeal vestibule closure (LVC) is one of the critical airway protection
mechanisms during swallowing. LVC timing impairments during swallowing are among the …

Objectives: This study examined the immediate effects of neuromuscular electrical
stimulation (NMES) on the dynamics of oropharyngeal structure and laryngeal vestibular …

Background: Current literature is lacking an understanding of the physiological mechanisms
underlying dysphagia (impairment in swallowing function) that manifests as the result of …

The facial nerve, the seventh pair of cranial nerves, has an essential role in non-verbal
communication through facial expression. Besides innervating the muscles involved in facial …

Dysphagia is a common disorder associated with a large number of etiologies like aging,
stroke, traumatic brain injury, head and neck cancer, neurodegenerative disorders, structural …

Functional electrical stimulation (FES) is increasingly used in the treatment of neurogenic
dysphagia. While there is no established stimulation protocol, various types of current and …