In the context of quantum technologies, the generation and manipulation of single photons
has become a key element for applications such as quantum communication and quantum …

All light has structure, but only recently has it been possible to control it in all its degrees of
freedom and dimensions, fuelling fundamental advances and applications alike. Here we …

Structured light refers to the arbitrarily tailoring of optical fields in all their degrees of freedom
(DoFs), from spatial to temporal. Although orbital angular momentum (OAM) is perhaps the …

Structured light, especially beams carrying orbital angular momentum (OAM), has gained
much interest due to its unique amplitude and phase structures. In terms of communication …

Digital optical holograms can achieve nanometre-scale resolution as a result of recent
advances in metasurface technologies. This has raised hopes for applications in data …

BACKGROUND Optical vortices provide one of the promising solutions for enhancing the
capacity of data multiplexing to meet an unprecedented growth in big data and internet traffic …

With inherent orthogonality, both the spin angular momentum (SAM) and orbital angular
momentum (OAM) of photons have been utilized to expand the dimensions of quantum …

Simultaneous manipulation of multiple degrees of freedom of light lies at the heart of
photonics. Nonlinear wavefront shaping offers an exceptional way to achieve this goal by …

Thirty years ago, Coullet et al. proposed that a special optical field exists in laser cavities
bearing some analogy with the superfluid vortex. Since then, optical vortices have been …

Holography has been identified as a vital platform for three-dimensional displays, optical
encryption, microscopy and artificial intelligence through different physical dimensions …