Clinical studies have demonstrated that a single sub-anesthetic dose of the dissociative
anesthetic ketamine induces rapid and sustained antidepressant actions. Although this …

Depression is a devastating disorder with a combination of diverse symptoms such as low
self-esteem, lack of motivation, anhedonia, loss of appetite, low energy, and discomfort …

Light plays a pivotal role in the regulation of affective behaviors. However, the precise
circuits that mediate the impact of light on depressive-like behaviors are not well understood …

Binge alcohol consumption induces discrete social and arousal disturbances in human
populations that promote increased drinking and accelerate the progression of Alcohol Use …

The opioid crisis in the United States has brought drug addiction to the forefront of the public
mind and to the attention of health care personnel, organizations, and agencies. The …

Anhedonia (hyposensitivity to rewards) and negative bias (hypersensitivity to punishments)
are core features of major depressive disorder (MDD), which could stem from abnormal …

The underlying neurobiological basis of major depressive disorder remains elusive due to
the severity, complexity, and heterogeneity of the disorder. While the traditional …

Anhedonia, as evidenced by impaired pleasurable response to reward, reduced reward
motivation, and/or deficits in reward-related learning, is a common feature of depression …

Heightened aggression is characteristic of multiple neuropsychiatric disorders and can have
various negative effects on patients, their families and the public. Recent studies in humans …

The habenula is a tiny brain region the size of a pea in humans. This region is highly
conserved across vertebrates and has been traditionally overlooked by neuroscientists. The …