The brain and gastrointestinal tract are critical sensory organs responsible for detecting,
relaying, integrating, and responding to signals derived from the internal and external …

The erector spinae plane (ESP) block is an emerging regional anesthetic technique with
significant potential for clinical benefit. Nevertheless, its exact mechanism (s) of action has …

Increasing evidence indicates that the brain regulates peripheral immunity, yet whether and
how the brain represents the state of the immune system remains unclear. Here, we show …

Interactions between the immune system and the nervous system have been described
mostly in the context of diseases. More recent studies have begun to reveal how certain …

A wide array of molecular pathways has been investigated during the past decade in order
to understand the mechanisms by which the practice of physical exercise promotes …

The physiological functions of mast cells remain largely an enigma. In the context of barrier
damage, mast cells are integrated in type 2 immunity and, together with immunoglobulin E …

The meninges are densely innervated by nociceptive sensory neurons that mediate pain
and headache,. Bacterial meningitis causes life-threatening infections of the meninges and …

Pain is a hallmark of tissue injury, inflammatory diseases, pathogen invasion and
neuropathy. It is mediated by nociceptor sensory neurons that innervate the skin, joints …

Active research at the frontiers of immunology and neuroscience has identified multiple
points of interaction and communication between the immune system and the nervous …

Neuroimmunology is one of the fastest-growing fields in the life sciences, and for good
reason; it fills the gap between two principal systems of the organism, the nervous system …