The study of plant mitochondria started in earnest around 1950 with the first isolations of
mitochondria from animal and plant tissues. The first 35 years were spent establishing the …

Plastids and mitochondria are the only organelles that possess genomes of endosymbiotic
origin. In recent decades, advances in sequencing technologies have contributed to a …

Chloroplasts are plant organelles that carry out photosynthesis, produce various
metabolites, and sense changes in the external environment. Given their endosymbiotic …

The genomes of cytoplasmic organelles (mitochondria and plastids) are maternally inherited
in most eukaryotes, thus excluding organellar genomes from the benefits of sexual …

Most heritable information in eukaryotic cells is encoded in the nuclear genome, with
inheritance patterns following classic Mendelian segregation. Genomes residing in the …

The fate of new mitochondrial and plastid mutations depends on their ability to persist and
spread among the numerous organellar genome copies within a cell (heteroplasmy). The …

The plastid and nuclear genomes of parasitic plants exhibit deeply altered architectures, 1–
13 whereas the few examined mitogenomes range from deeply altered to conventional. 14 …

Mutation is the source of all heritable diversity, the essential material of evolution and
breeding. While mutation rates are often regarded as constant, variability in mutation rates …

Organelle DNA (oDNA) in mitochondria and plastids is vital for plant (and eukaryotic) life.
Selection against damaged oDNA is mediated in part by segregation–sorting different oDNA …

Plant mitochondrial DNA has been described as evolving rapidly in structure but slowly in
sequence. However, many of the noncoding portions of plant mitogenomes are not …