We consider approval-based committee elections, in which a size-k subset of available
candidates must be selected given approval sets for each voter, indicating the candidates …

Cooperation is fundamental for human prosperity. Blockchain, as a trust machine, is a
cooperative institution in cyberspace that supports cooperation through distributed trust with …

As blockchain-based commercial projects and startups flourish, efficiency becomes one of
the critical metrics in designing blockchain systems. Due to its high efficiency, Proof of …

This paper investigates whether following the fork-choice rule in the Ethereum PoS
consensus protocol constitutes a Nash equilibrium-ie, whether the protocol that maintains …

The objective of state machine replication (SMR) is to emulate a centralized service in a
distributed, fault-tolerant fashion. To this end, a set of mutually distrusting processes must …

Founded in 2017, Algorand is one of the world's first carbon-negative, public blockchains
inspired by proof of stake. Algorand uses a Byzantine agreement protocol to add new blocks …

This paper considers the classical state machine replication (SMR) problem in a distributed
system model inspired by cross-chain exchanges. We propose a novel SMR protocol …

Existing standards for player characterisation in tokenised state machine replication
protocols depend on honest players who will always follow the protocol, regardless of …

Many blockchain platforms use committee-based consensus for scalability, finality, and
security. In this consensus scheme, a committee decides which blocks get appended to the …

A consensus mechanism is at the core of each distributed ledger technology. This paper
provides a brief overview of the two most prominent consensus protocols from the …