Background Climate change presents an imminent threat to almost all biological systems
across the globe. In recent years there have been a series of studies showing how changes …

Climate change threatens the health and survival of urban trees and the various benefits
they deliver to urban inhabitants. Here, we show that 56% and 65% of species in 164 cities …

Abstract The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species is essential for practical and theoretical
efforts to protect biodiversity. However, species classified as “Data Deficient”(DD) regularly …

Arctic warming can influence tundra ecosystem function with consequences for climate
feedbacks, wildlife and human communities. Yet ecological change across the Arctic tundra …

Abstract In European and many African, Middle Eastern and southern Asian populations,
lactase persistence (LP) is the most strongly selected monogenic trait to have evolved over …

The genus Viola (Violaceae) is among the 40–50 largest genera among angiosperms, yet its
taxonomy has not been revised for nearly a century. In the most recent revision, by Wilhelm …

The integrated nested Laplace approximation (INLA) is a recent computational method that
can fit Bayesian models in a fraction of the time required by typical Markov chain Monte …

Urban areas and their vertical characteristics have a manifold and far-reaching impact on
our environment. However, openly accessible information at high spatial resolution is still …

Introduction In the quest to improve the understanding of climate change impacts on
elements of the atmospheric, physical, and life systems, scientists are challenged by the …

The visual signal processing in the retina requires the precise organization of diverse
neuronal types working in concert. While single-cell omics studies have identified more than …