We review the three prevailing approaches—specificity, cumulative risk, and dimensional
models—to conceptualizing the developmental consequences of early-life adversity and …

The assumption that early stress leads to dysregulation and impairment is widespread in
developmental science and informs prevailing models (eg, toxic stress). An alternative …

Two extant frameworks–the harshness-unpredictability model and the threat-deprivation
model–attempt to explain which dimensions of adversity have distinct influences on …

Background The objective of the study was to determine the association between adverse
childhood experiences (ACEs) and positive childhood experiences (PCEs) with family …

Socioeconomic differences in behaviour are pervasive and well documented, but their
causes are not yet well understood. Here, we make the case that a cluster of behaviours is …

Over the past decade, there is increasing interest in the ways in which environmental
unpredictability shapes human life history development. However, progress is hindered by …

It has often been assumed that animals were in the first place rendered social, and that they
feel as a consequence uncomfortable when separated from each other, and comfortable …

This report summarises the most recent evidence on the relationship between
socioeconomic status and the psychological, social and cultural processes that underpin …

Highlights•The paper presents an integration of attachment theory and life history
theory.•Early-life harshness and/or unpredictability promotes insecure attachment.•Adult …

Guided by principles from life-history theory, theories of adaptive calibration provide an
overarching theoretical framework for understanding the developmental roots of impulsivity …