In the last decades, fiber Bragg gratings (FBGs) have become increasingly attractive to
medical applications due to their unique properties such as small size, biocompatibility …

Microsurgical techniques have been widely utilized in various surgical specialties, such as
ophthalmology, neurosurgery, and otolaryngology, which require intricate and precise …

This article proposes a data-driven learning-based approach for shape sensing and Distal-
end Position Estimation (DPE) of a surgical Continuum Manipulator (CM) in constrained …

Force sensing is important for surgical robotics in order to realize surgical palpation and
ensure surgical safety. In this article, we design a compact triaxial force sensor based on …

Retinal microsurgery requires precise manipulation of delicate tissue in the interior of the
eye. Force sensing instruments can provide surgeons the imperceptible force information …

The continuum manipulator improves the intraocular robot flexibility during retinal surgery.
Herein, a micro‐3‐degree of freedom (DOF) force sensor with a length of only 3.8 mm that …

Micro/nano manipulation for both mechanical and biological structures is currently a popular
research field. To protect small-scale structures and acquire their mechanical properties, a …

A multi-component force sensing system, capable of monitoring multiple components of
force terms along x-, y-, and z-axis (F x, F y, and F z) and the moments terms about x-, y-, and …

Instrument–tissue interaction forces in minimally invasive surgery (MIS) provide valuable
information that can be used to provide haptic perception, monitor tissue trauma, develop …

A medical tool is a general instrument intended for use in the prevention, diagnosis, and
treatment of diseases in humans or other animals. Nowadays, sensors are widely employed …