Victims exposed to sulfur mustard (HD) in World War I and Iran–Iraq war, and those suffered
occupational or accidental exposure have endured discomfort in the respiratory system at …

Abstract Context: Sulfur mustard (SM), with an old manufacturing history still remains as
potential threat due to easy production and extensive effects. Objectives: Increasing studies …

Sulfur mustard (SM) is a blistering chemical agent which has short and long term toxicity
against many organs. The respiratory tract is one of the main targets, and is the most …

Mustard gas, even in low doses, has the ability to inflict damage in multiple organs
especially the skin, eyes, as well as the respiratory tract. This damage may cause many …

Sulphur mustard (SM) is a powerful blister-causing alkylating chemical warfare agent used
by Iraqi forces against Iran. One of the known complications of mustard gas inhalation is …

Ocular damages induced by sulfur mustard (SM) are the important problems in exposed
patients. The damaging mechanisms are not clearly understood. In the present study the …

Backgrounds Chronic respiratory complications such as asthma, bronchiolitis obliterans,
and chronic bronchitis are prevalent among individuals exposed to sulfur mustard (SM). This …

Background Sulfur mustard (SM) exposure causes acute and chronic respiratory diseases.
The extent of small airway dysfunction (SAD) in individuals exposed to SM is unclear. This …

Sulfur mustard (SM)-exposed individuals develop late pulmonary complications, which are
associated with chronic inflammation and fibrotic changes in the lung tissue. MicroRNAs are …

Background Mustard gas as a chemical weapon has been used in wars and its long-term
side effects are substantial in the human body. This study aimed to apply an extension of …