The approach taken in this chapter stresses the broader functional aspects of brachyuran
morphology and anatomy, and particularly how complex patterns of evolution have allowed …

The crustacean gill is a multi-functional organ, and it is the site of a number of physiological
processes, including ion transport, which is the basis for hemolymph osmoregulation; acid …

Osmotic and ionic regulation in the Crustacea is mostly accomplished by the multifunctional
gills, together with the excretory organs. In addition to their role in gas exchange, the gills …

The article discusses advances in osmoregulation and excretion with emphasis on how
multicellular animals in different osmotic environments regulate their milieu intérieur …

Exposure to water-borne pollutants, environmental stressors and pathological agents of a
crustacean capable of osmoregulation usually results in a decrease of its Na+ and Cl …

This review assembles recent information on seawater-type chloride cells of marine teleost
fish and evaluates the secretion of Na+, Cl−, K+, H+ and NH4+ and the absorption of Ca2+ …

Gills are the primary organ for salt transport, but in land crabs they are removed from water
and thus ion exchanges, as well as CO2 and ammonia excretion, are compromised. Urinary …

The common killifish, Fundulus heteroclitus, is a euryhaline teleost common throughout
estuaries of eastern North America. This symposium paper reviews the important …

In animal cells, the cell volume must remain close to constant; thus, the osmolality of the
cytosol must be kept almost equal to that of the cell-surrounding medium to prevent water …

Observation of semi-thin and ultrathin sections performed in the gills of green crabs
(Carcinus maenas) kept in 100% and in dilute 30% sea water respectively reveals marked …