Breast cancer (BC) is the most common cancer in women and poses a serious threat to their
health. Despite familiarity with factors affecting its etiology, initiation, progression, treatment …

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are endogenous 22 nt non-coding RNAs that target mRNAs for
cleavage or translational repression. Numerous miRNAs regulate programmed cell death …

Exosomes (EVs) have relevance in cell-to-cell communication carrying pro-tumorigenic
factors that participate in oncogenesis and drug resistance and are proposed to have …

Rho-associated coiled-coil kinase (ROCK) is a major downstream effector of the small
GTPase RhoA. The ROCK family, consisting of ROCK1 and ROCK2, plays a central role in …

MicroRNA (miRNA or miR) therapeutics in cancer are based on targeting or mimicking
miRNAs involved in cancer onset, progression, angiogenesis, epithelial-mesenchymal …

Introduction Breast cancer is a genetically and phenotypically complex disease. To
understand the role of miRNAs in this molecular complexity, we performed miRNA …

Breast cancer exhibits the highest global incidence among all tumor types. Regardless of
the type of breast cancer, metastasis is a crucial cause of poor prognosis. Anoikis, a form of …

Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) are progenitor cells shown to participate in breast
tumor stroma formation and to promote metastasis. Despite expanding knowledge of their …

The highly conserved RAS-mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway is
involved in a wide range of cellular processes including differentiation, proliferation, and …

Cancer is a multistep disease based on crucial interactions between tumor cells and the
microenvironment (extracellular matrix and stroma/immune cells). In fact, during …