This contribution presents a short review of electric propulsion (EP) technologies for
satellites and spacecraft. Electric thrusters, also termed ion or plasma thrusters, deliver a low …

The powder fueled ramjet is a developing propulsion system, which makes use of metal
powder as the propellant and presents noticeable advantages, for instance, high specific …

The operation of satellites in very low Earth orbit (VLEO) has been linked to a variety of
benefits to both the spacecraft platform and mission design. Critically, for Earth observation …

Challenging space missions include those at very low altitudes, where the atmosphere is
source of aerodynamic drag on the spacecraft. To extend the lifetime of such missions, an …

The main features and key problems in the development of air-breathing electric propulsion
(ABEP) are outlined. Qualitative differences between ABEP and its closest predecessor …

Helicon high-density (up to~ 1013 cm− 3) plasma sources using a radio frequency wave in
the presence of a magnetic field under a low pressure are very promising for various …

Increasing interest in development of very low Earth orbit (VLEO) has attracted more and
more researchers to study atmosphere-breathing electric propulsion (ABEP) system in past …

The growing competitiveness in the commercial space market has raised the interest in
operating small spacecraft at very low altitudes. To make this feasible, the space industry …

Abstract Operating satellites in Very Low Earth Orbit (VLEO) benefit the already expanding
New Space industry in applications including Earth Observation and beyond. However, long …

Abstract Atmosphere-Breathing Electric Propulsion (ABEP) is a promising propulsion
concept for Very Low Earth Orbit (VLEO). Spacecraft (S/C) operating at lower altitudes has …