Salmonella infection causes morbidity and mortality throughout the world with the host
immune response varying depending on whether the infection is acute and limited, or …

Immunity to malaria has been linked to the availability and function of helper CD4+ T cells,
cytotoxic CD8+ T cells and γδ T cells that can respond to both the asymptomatic liver stage …

Nitric oxide (NO) is recognized as a mediator and regulator of inflammatory responses. It
possesses cytotoxic properties that are aimed against pathogenic microbes, but it can also …

Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is the most common, lethal, muscle-wasting disease
of childhood. Previous investigations have shown that muscle macrophages may play an …

Background Brain inflammation plays a central role in multiple sclerosis (MS).
Dimethylfumarate (DMF), the main ingredient of an oral formulation of fumaric acid esters …

The role of nitric oxide (NO) generated by the inducible isoform of nitric oxide synthase
(iNOS) is very complex. Induction of iNOS expression and hence NO production has been …

It is well established that tumor progression is associated with the accumulation of myeloid
suppressive cells, which in mice include Gr-1+ immature myeloid cells and F4/80+ …

IFN-γ is one of the key cytokines in defining Th1 immune responses. In this study, an IFN-γ
homologue has been identified in rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss, and its biological …

Macrophages are major effector cells of the innate immune system, and appropriate
regulation of macrophage function requires the integration of multiple signalling inputs …

Objective—Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory response of the arterial wall to injury.
High-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) is a DNA-binding protein, which on release from cells …