Parkinson disease (PD) is a progressive disorder characterized by dopaminergic
neurodegeneration in the brain. The development of parkinsonism is preceded by a long …

Retinal imaging technology is rapidly advancing and can provide ever-increasing amounts
of information about the structure, function and molecular composition of retinal tissue in …

Alzheimer's disease is the leading cause of dementia. The long progression period in
Alzheimer's disease provides a possibility for patients to get early treatment by having …

Abstract Background Patients with Parkinson's disease experience visual symptoms,
partially originating from retinal changes. Since 2011, multiple case-control studies using …

Background Parkinson disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative process that leads to a
selective loss of dopaminergic neurons, mainly in the basal ganglia of the brain. Numerous …

Many neurodegenerative disorders, such as Parkinson's disease (PD) and Alzheimer's
disease (AD), are characterized by loss of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) as part of the …

Patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) often compensate for their motor deficits by guiding
their movements visually. A wide range of ocular and visual disorders threatens the patients' …

Parkinson's disease is caused by degeneration of dopaminergic neurons, originating in the
substantia nigra pars compacta and characterised by bradykinesia, rest tremor and rigidity …

Increasing evidence suggests that the conditions of retinal microvessels are indicators to a
variety of cerebrovascular, neurodegenerative, psychiatric, and developmental diseases …

Considering the retina as an extension of the brain provides a platform from which to study
diseases of the nervous system. Taking advantage of the clear optical media of the eye and …