Opioids are the most effective drugs for the treatment of severe pain, but they also cause
addiction and overdose deaths, which have led to a worldwide opioid crisis. Therefore, the …

Aims As an analgesic that acts upon the central nervous system (CNS), tramadol has gained
popularity in treating moderate to severe pain. Recently, it has been increasingly reported as …

Moderate‐to‐severe pain represents a heavy burden in patients' quality of life, and
ultimately in the society and in healthcare costs. The aim of this review was to summarize …

Background Aptamers are screened via the systematic evolution of ligands by exponential
enrichment (SELEX) and are widely used in molecular diagnostics and targeted therapies …

Background The misuse of tramadol has become a major aspect of the wider substance use
challenge in recent years and is evolving into a health crisis at an alarming rate. However …

Study aim Considering the alarming rate at which young people abuse tramadol, as
evidenced by the numerous media reports on the subject, this qualitative study was …

Chronic pain is a common condition that is being increasingly recognized, diagnosed, and
treated in a variety of settings. Opioids can be used to treat chronic pain but at the cost of …

The 21st century Nigeria has witnessed changing trends in the patterns of psychoactive
substance use with Tramadol HCl emerging as a candidate drug in the North-eastern region …

Tramadol, one of the most commonly abused drugs in Middle East, impacts
spermatogenesis and disturbs reproductive hormones in animal studies. We aimed to …

Introduction Substance abuse has become a worldwide health problem, leading to
numerous consequences such as social problems among family members, abnormal …