Real-life situations showed damage effects on non-targeted cells located in the vicinity of an
irradiation region, due to danger signal molecules released by the targeted cells. This effect …

The development of sensor technology enables the creation of DNA-based biosensors for
biomedical applications. Herein, a quartz tuning fork (QTF) sensing system was employed …

Radiation therapy is one of the cancer cells treatments that use high-energy radiation to
shrink tumors and kill cancer cells. Radiation therapy kills cancer cells by damaging their …

Despite recent advances in the mathematical modeling of biological processes and real-
world situations raised in the day-to-day life phase, some phenomena such as immune cell …

The goal of precision medicine is to tailor treatments to the individual patient's disease. In
radiation oncology, this means tailoring the dose to the boundaries of the tumor, but also to …

In irradiation process, instead of traverse on the targeted cells, there is side effect happens
to non-targeted cells. The targeted cells that had been irradiated with ionizing radiation …

Radiotherapy treatment uses ionizing radiation (IR) in order to kill cancer cells. However, the
IR exerted its effects outside the radiation field and causes cell death in healthy cells. This …

Free radical carries an unpaired electron in the outer shell which is very reactive and
becomes toxic to DNA. The direct action hits cell directly, while indirect action is the …

Radiosensitizer such as gold nanoparticle is a promising agent to be used in radiotherapy to
increase the number of cancer cell death. Gold nanoparticle increases the production of the …

Hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD) is a mildly infectious disease that happens to
children due to low body immunity against viruses. In this paper, a simple SIR model is …