The prevalence of peripheral arterial disease (PAD) in the United States exceeds 10 million
people, and PAD is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality across the globe. PAD is …

Coronary collaterals are an alternative source of blood supply to myocardium jeopardized
by ischaemia. In comparison with other species, the human coronary collateral circulation is …

Eur J Clin Invest 2010; 40 (5): 465–476 Abstract Background Coronary collaterals are an
alternative source of blood supply to myocardium jeopardized by ischaemia. Well …

Peripheral artery disease is a common disorder and a major cause of morbidity and mortality
worldwide. Therapy is directed at reducing the risk of major adverse cardiovascular events …

Acidic fibroblast growth factor (FGF1) and neuregulin-1 (NRG1) are growth factors involved
in cardiac development and regeneration. Microparticles (MPs) mediate cytokine sustained …

Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death in industrialized countries and may
become the most important reason for mortality worldwide. 1 In patients suffering from …

The coronary arteries have been regarded as end arteries for decades. However, there are
functionally relevant anastomotic vessels, known as collateral arteries, which interconnect …

Chronic arterial occlusion leads to growth of collaterals-a process termed arteriogenesis, in
which macrophages play a prominent role in remodelling and growth. However, a detailed …

Arteriosclerotic vascular disease is the most common cause of death and a major cause of
disability in the developed world. Adverse outcomes of arteriosclerotic vascular disease are …

Background The efficacy of external counterpulsation (ECP) on coronary collateral growth
has not been investigated in a randomised controlled study. Objective To test the hypothesis …