Tobacco smoking is a major public health threat for both smokers and nonsmokers. There is
accumulating evidence demonstrating that smoking causes several human diseases …

Background Considerable interest has been gathered on the relevant impact of preventable
factors, including incorrect lifestyle and unhealthy habits, on female fertility. Smoking …

BACKGROUND A diagnosis of ectopic pregnancy (EP) is primarily achieved using
transvaginal ultrasonography (TVS). Pregnancy of unknown location (PUL) is the term used …

Sivalingam et al. the use of ART increases the rate of ectopic pregnancies. In vitro
fertilisation (IVF) is associated with an ectopic pregnancy risk of 2–5% and it may be higher …

Purpose Ectopic pregnancy (EP) presents a major health problem for women of child-
bearing age. EP refers to the pregnancy occurring outside the uterine cavity that constitutes …

Acetylcholine (ACh) is not only a neurotransmitter but is an ancient molecule that can be
released by and act on non-neuronal cells. In these cells the system of ACh-synthesizing …

The use of tobacco during pregnancy is the leading preventable cause of pregnancy
complications and adverse birth outcomes. In high‐income countries, around one in 10 …

Ectopic pregnancy affects 1% to 2% of all pregnancies and is responsible for 9% of
pregnancy-related deaths in the United States. When a pregnant patient presents with first …

A wide range of benign and malignant processes can affect one or both fallopian tubes.
Familiarity with and recognition of the characteristic imaging features of these diseases and …

Chlamydia trachomatis and smoking are major risk factors for tubal ectopic pregnancy (EP),
but the underlying mechanisms of these associations are not completely understood …